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APA 7th Referencing

American Psychological Association, 7th edition

Speeches format

Speech from an edited book

Reference the source in which you found the speech.

 

Reference elements

Screenshot of an annotated reference of a speech in a book

In-text citation

  Format Example
Paraphrase

... (Original Author, Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source)

OR

Original Author (Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source) ...

The speech highlights the evolution of literacy (Early, 1979, as cited in Wolcott, 2014). 

OR

Early (1979, as cited in Wolcott, 2014) reflects on the evolution of literacy in the field of teaching.
Quote

"..." (Original Author, Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source, p. xx)

OR

Original Author (Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source) "..." (p. xx)

In the past, "literacy was a frill, a luxury, for the great majority of people" (Early, 1979, as cited in Wolcott, 2014, p. 66).

OR

Early (1979, as cited in Wolcott, 2014) declared, “technology has made literacy essential--for everyone” (p. 67).
Note:
  • Citations need to include both the original author of the speech and the secondary source in which the speech was found (e.g. an edited anthology of speeches).

 

Reference

Format Example

Editor, A. A. (Ed.) (Year). Title of book. Publisher.

Wolcott, W. (Ed.). (2014). Reflections on teaching literacy: Selected speeches of Margaret J. Early. Information Age Publishing.
Note:
  • In the reference list, you will need to cite only the secondary source (i.e. the edited book) in which you found the citation.

Speech from a web source

Reference the source in which you found the speech.

 

Reference elements

Screenshot of an annotated reference of a speech from a webpage

In-text citation

  Format Example
Paraphrase

(Original Author, Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of original source)

OR

Original Author (Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source)

The speech True Liberation of Women highlights the importance of female empowerment (Gandhi, 1980, as cited in Gifts of Speech, 2017). 

OR

Ghandi (1980, as cited in Gifts of Speech, 2017) highlights the importance of female empowerment. 
Quote

“...” (Original Author, Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year) 

OR

Original Author (Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source) "..." 

The speech True Liberation of Women asks, "if men hesitate, should not women show the way?" (Gandhi, 1980, as cited in Gifts of Speech, 2017). 

OR

Ghandi (1980, as cited in Gifts of Speech, 2017) declared, “if men hesitate, should not women show the way?”.

Note:

  • Citations need to include both the original author of the speech and the secondary source in which the speech was found (e.g. an edited anthology of speeches).
  • If you want to acknowledge the speech's title, make sure to do so in italics. 

 

Reference

Format Example

Organisation or Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of webpage. Publisher (if different from author). https://xxxxx

Gifts of Speech. (2017, July 29). True liberation of women. Sweet Briar College. http://gos.sbc.edu/g/gandhi1.html

Speech from YouTube

Reference the source in which you found the speech.

 

Reference elements

Screenshot of an annotated reference of a speech from YouTube

 

In-text citation

  Format Example
Paraphrase

... (Original Author, Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source)

OR

Original Author (Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source) ...

The speech highlighted what a monumental moment the election was for women and girls (Harris, 2020, as cited in British Broadcasting Corporation [BBC], 2020). 

OR

Harris (2020, as cited in British Broadcasting Corporation [BBC], 2020) reflects on the women who encouraged her political ambition and drive, most notably her mother. 
Quote

“...” (Original Author, Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source) 

OR

Original Author (Year of speech, as cited in Secondary Author, Year of secondary source) "..." 

The women of the United States resume the "the fight for their fundamental right to vote" (Harris, 2020, as cited in BBC, 2020, 1.40). 

OR

Harris (2020, as cited in BBC, 2020, 2.43) declared, “every little girl watching tonight sees that this is a country of possibilities.”  

Note:

  • Citations need to include both the original author of the speech and the secondary source in which the speech was found (e.g. an edited anthology of speeches). 
  • Because the British Broadcasting Corporation is known in its abbreviated form, the 2nd citation onwards should be shortened to BBC (2020) or (BBC, 2020). See: in-text citation formats for more information. 
  • When quoting directly from a YouTube video, provide a time stamp.

 

Reference

Format Example

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title [Video]. YouTube. https://xxxxx

British Broadcasting Corporation. (2020, November 7). Kamala Harris speech: What this moment means for women: US election [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/Iu7AbNaKFqc
Note:
  • In the reference list, you will need to cite only the secondary source (i.e. the YouTube video) in which you found the citation.