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Holmesglen Harvard Referencing

Images and artworks overview

The guidelines on this page have been adapted and modified to suit the needs of Holmesglen students.

 

What images can I use? 

Students are encouraged to use Creative Commons and/or Public Domain images. Check the list provided here. 

Copyright images require explicit permission from the copyright holder. If you are uncertain whether or not an image is protected under copyright, please consult either a librarian or a Learning Skills teacher. 

Images/Artworks format

Finding images

The following links provide free images that you can use in your work. 

Please ensure that you continue to cite and reference any images you use (follow the instructions in the tabs above), with the exception of non-attribution images.

Further resources

Images from websites

 

Copyright-free images, non-attribution (e.g. Pixabay, Unsplash)

Copyright free images which state no attribution required, are safe to use without asking for permission. These do not require to be referenced. If appropriate, an image title or description can be added as a caption underneath. 

Microsoft Office 365 stock images and clipart are treated the same and do not require a reference. For more information, see Office 365, Canva/Piktochart images/clipart tab.

Canva/Piktochart free stock photos, stickers and graphics are treated the same and do not require a reference. For more information, see Office 365, Canva/Piktochart images/clipart tab.

 

Caption (optional)

Format Example

Title/Description

OR

Title/Description
[Site Name, royalty-free]

image of a hot air balloon

Hot air balloons ride
[Pixabay, royalty-free]
Note:
  • Optional: The site and royalty-free license (hyperlinked to image URL) can be added to the caption to make it clear that the image is free to use.

Creative Commons image

Creative Commons is a licensing system that permits you to reuse an image in accordance with the terms of its agreement. 

Please see here for a comprehensive list of websites that provide CC licensed images. 

 

Format

Example

Caption

Title (Author Year, CC BY x.x)

OR

Adapted from Title (Author Year, CC BY x.x)

Photograph of Night Noodle Market in Melbourne

Night noodle market in Melbourne (Phutully 2013, CC BY 2.0)

In-text citation

(Author Year) 

OR

Author (Year)

... as seen in Night noodle market in Melbourne (Phutully 2013).  

OR

Phutully (2013) captures ...

Reference

Author, AA (Year) Title [format], Website Name, accessed Day Month Year.

Phutully, C (2013) Night noodle market in Melbourne [photograph], Wikimedia, accessed 7 June 2019.
Note:
  • Format: photograph, illustration, graphic art, vector graphic, sculpture, art installation etc.
  • Title is hyperlinked to the image's URL, formatted as per hyperlink default (blue, underlined text) and is italicised.
  • Provide a link to the CC license in your caption (hyperlink text e.g., CC BY-SA 4.0).

 

Copyrighted image

 

Format

Example

Caption

Title (Author © Year)

OR

Adapted from Title (Author © Year)

 

 Photograph of Fireworks at Treasury Gardens

Fireworks at Treasury Gardens (Smith © 2019)

In-text citation

(Author Year) 

OR

Author (Year)

... highlighted in Fireworks at Treasury Gardens (Smith 2019).  

OR

Smith (2019) utilises ...   

Reference

Author, AA (Year) Title [format], Website Name, accessed Day Month Year.

Smith, J (2019) Fireworks at Treasury Gardens [photograph], Fireworks, accessed 7 June 2019.
Note:
  • Only use copyrighted images if you have explicit written permission from the copyright holder. 
  • Format: photograph, illustration, graphic art, vector graphic, sculpture, art installation etc.
  • Title is hyperlinked to the image's URL, formatted as per hyperlink default (blue, underlined text) and is italicised.

Images from databases

 

Caption

Format

Example

Title (Author © Year)

OR

Adapted from Title (Author © Year)

Photograph of Water lilies at the Melbourne Royal Botanic Gardens

Water lilies at the Melbourne Royal Botanic Gardens (Andrews © 2019)

 

In-text citation

Format

Example

(Author Year) 

OR

Author (Year)

... is evoked by the colours (Andrews 2019).  

OR

Andrews (2019) evokes ...

 

Reference

Format

Example

Author, AA (Year) Title of image [format], Database name.

Andrews, J (2019) Water lilies at the Melbourne Royal Botanic Gardens [photograph], Images Library.

Images from books

 

Caption

Format Example

Title (Author © Year:Page)

OR

Adapted from Title (Author © Year:Page)

 

Photograph of new sign for Chadstone campus of Holmesglen TAFE

New sign for Chadstone campus, 1992 (Holmesglen Institute of TAFE © 2002:119)
Note:
  • Please provide the copyright symbol in front of the year, to ensure you are recognising the copyright holder.  
  • Copyright information usually can be found on the Publications page of the book.
  • Please provide page numbers in both the caption and in-text citation. 

 

In-text citation

Format Example

(Author Year:Page)

OR

Author (Year:Page) 

... is depicted (Holmesglen Institute of TAFE 2002:119).

OR

Holmesglen Institute of TAFE (2009:119) depicts ... 

 

Reference

Format Example

Creator, AA (Year) 'Title of image' [format], in A Author (if different from image author), Title of book, Publisher, Place of Publication:page.

 

Holmesglen Institute of TAFE (2002) 'New sign for Chadstone campus, 1992' [photograph], in Building the future: a history of Holmesglen Institute, Holmesglen Institute of TAFE, Chadstone, VIC:119.
Note:
  • Format: oil on canvas, painting, photograph, illustration, graphic art, vector graphic, sculpture, art installation etc.
  • Creator, AA is the creator of the image. If no specific name is credited, use the book's author(s).
  • In A Author Mention the author of the book only if it is different from the creator of the image/artwork. 
  • If no page numbers available, use the section instead formatted as s x.x (e.g. s 1.1).

Images from ejournals and newspapers

 

Caption

Format Example

Title (Author © Year:Page)

OR

Adapted from Title (Author © Year:Page)

Photograph of latte served in a glass

Cafe latte served in a glass (Marsh and deBeauvoir © 2019:5)
Note:
  • Insert the copyright symbol in front of the year to ensure you are recognising the copyright holder. 
  • Provide page numbers in both the caption and in-text citation. 

 

In-text citation

Format Example

(Author Year:Page)

OR

Author (Year:Page) 

... is highlighted (Marsh and de Beauvoir 2019:5).

OR

Marsh and de Beauvoir (2019:5) visually highlight ... 

 

Reference

 

Image from a journal article
Format Example

Author, AA, and Author BB (Year) Title of image [format], in A Author (if different from image author), 'Article title', Journal Title, volume(issue):page-page, doi:xx.xxxxxx.

Marsh, A and de Beauvoir, X (2019) Cafe latte served in a glass [photograph], in 'The effect of Melbourne's cafe culture on international visitors', Caffeine Journal, 9:21:1-15, doi:66.666666.
Note:
  • Format: photograph, illustration, graphic art etc.
  • If no DOI is available, end the reference after the page numbers.
  • For an online article without a DOI and not via a database: the title is hyperlinked to the image's URL, formatted as per hyperlink default (blue, underlined text) and is italicised.

 

Image from a newspaper article
Format Example
Author, AA (Year), Title of image [format], in A Author (if different from image author), 'Article title', Title of Newspaper.

 

 Crosling, D (2013), Rob Farquharson arrives at the Supreme court [photograph] in 'Boys in dam dad Robert Farquharson loses High Court bid', The Australian.
Note:
  • Format: photograph, illustration, graphic art etc.
  • If online and not via a database: the title is hyperlinked to the image's URL, formatted as per hyperlink default (blue, underlined text) and is italicised. Make sure to add an accessed date to the end of the reference also.

Screenshots

 

Caption

Format Example

Title (Author © Year)

screenshot of Holmesglen Chadstone campus

Holmesglen Chadstone campus (Google © 2019)
Note:

 

In-text citation

Format Example

(Author Year)

... is shown (Google 2019). 

 

Reference

Format Example

Author, AA (Year) Title [format], Website Name, accessed Day Month Year.

Google (2019) Holmesglen Chadstone campus [screenshot], accessed 1 July 2019.
Note:
  • Title is hyperlinked to the image's URL, formatted as per hyperlink default (blue, underlined text) and is italicised.

Images without titles, authors or dates

 

Caption

Format Example

Descriptive title (Year)

OR

Adapted from Descriptive title (Year)

photograph of st. kilda beach pier

St. Kilda pier (n.d.)
Note:
  • Create your own short, descriptive title based on the image. 
  • When the Year cannot be located, use n.d. instead. 

 

In-text citation

Format Example

(Descriptive title Year)

OR

Descriptive title (Year) 

... is shown in the image (St. Kilda pier n.d.). 

OR

In the image St. Kilda pier (n.d.) ...
Note:

 

Reference

Format Example

Title (Year) [format], accessed Day Month Year.

St. Kilda pier (n.d) [photograph], accessed 20 August 2019, https://www.notitlesordates.commons.au.
Note:
  • Format: photograph, illustration, graphic art, vector graphic, sculpture, art installation etc.
  • Title is hyperlinked to the image's URL, formatted as per hyperlink default (blue, underlined text) and is italicised.

Referencing your own images

The format for citing your own images depends on whether or not the image is unpublished or published. Please see below:

Unpublished image

Published image

This includes images published on a blog or other forms of social media. 

Caption

photograph of Korean food

Korean dining (Smith 2019)

Caption

photograph of two coffees

Two coffees (Smith © 2019)

Reference List 

Format: Author, AA (Day Month Year) Title of image [unpublished image], Location.

Example: Smith, SS (18 January 2019) Korean dining [unpublished image], Melbourne.

Reference List 

As the image is published, include in the reference list. 

For referencing published images, see relevant source type tab within this images section for correct format.

 

Reference for above image as example (from social media):

Format: Author, AA (Day Month Year) Title of image [post format], accessed Day Month Year.

Example: Smith, J (3 September 2019) Two coffees [Instagram photograph], accessed 6 May 2019. 

Unpublished images

Unpublished images can include images that are sent to you electronically or as hard copy. 

 

Caption

Format Example

Descriptive title (Author Year)
[unpublished image]

Building site in progress (Heloise 2022)
Note:
  • Create your own short, descriptive title based on the image. 
  • When the Year cannot be located, use n.d. instead. 

 

In-text citation

Format Example

(Author Year)

OR

Author (Year) 

... is shown in the image (Heloise 2022). 

OR

In the image Building site in progress taken by Heloise (2022) ...
Note:

 

Reference

Format Example

Author, AA (Day Month Year) Title of image [unpublished image], Organisation Name, Location.

Heloise, CC (4 February 2022) Building site in progress [unpublished image], WEHI, Melbourne.
Note:
  • Format: photograph, illustration, graphic art etc.
  • Location: place where image was taken or occurred.

Images/Clipart from Office 365 (e.g. Word, PowerPoint)

Office 365 provides a tool within its apps to insert stock images/clipart (non-attribution), as well as a Bing image search (Web).

 

Stock images (including clipart and icons)Screenshot of Office 365 stock images menu

Images via the stock images option are provided to Office 365 users on a non-attribution license.
These do not require to be referenced.

If appropriate, an image title or description can be added as a caption underneath.

Note: These images are not permitted to be saved, used, or taken out of Office 365 apps. To be used only as part of a Word document, PowerPoint etc.

 

Caption (optional)

Format Example
Title/Description

 

[Office 365 stock image/clipart]

 
Human brain showing frontal cortex

 

Online picturesScreenshot of Office 365 online pictures menu

The online pictures option is an embedded Bing image search. It contains both non-attribution and Creative Commons images. Treat the image according to its type:

 

Images from Canva / Piktochart (photos, stickers and graphics)

Images via Canva (stated as free) are provided to users on a non-attribution license. 
These do not require to be referenced.

To check if an image is free, hover your mouse over the item then click the three dots icon in the right hand corner.


Images via Piktochart are also provided to users on a non-attribution license.
These do not require to be referenced.

 

Alternative sources of images

For further sources of copyright-free images, see the finding images tab.