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Holmesglen Harvard Referencing

Dictionaries and encyclopedias format

Same format applies to all reference works including dictionaries, thesauruses, encyclopedias and atlases. They are cited in-text only and are not included in the reference list.

 

In-text citation

  Format Example
Paraphrase

(Dictionary/Encyclopedia Year)

OR

Dictionary/Encyclopedia (Year)

The Australian concise Oxford dictionary (2017) defines it as ...

OR

... is described as a type of political system (Cambridge dictionary 2018).
Quote

(Dictionary/Encyclopedia Year:Page)

OR

Dictionary/Encyclopedia (Year:Page) '...'

'Cycas revoluta is vital to the Earth's ecosystem ... ' (Dirr's encyclopedia of trees and shrubs 2011:254-255).

OR

Cambridge dictionary (2018:132) defines constitution as 'a set of political principles by which a state or organization is governed'.
Note:
  • Page number is not required for HTML (webpage) sources.
  • If the sources do not have page numbers, leave page numbers out.

 

Reference

Cite in-text only. Do not include in reference list.