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Holmesglen Harvard Referencing

Reference lists/bibliographies

What's the difference?

Reference list: A list of resources that you have cited in the assignment.

Bibliography: A list of resources that you have read, both cited and not cited, in your assignment.

 

 Not sure which one to use? Please consult with your teacher or refer to your assignment outline.

For information on how to specifically reference a source, refer to the appropriate source type tabs in this guide.

Reference list formats

References

Allen, E and Iano, J (2019) Fundamentals of building construction: materials and methods, 4th edn, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.

Ambrose, G and Harris, P (eds) (2018) Layout for graphic designers: an introduction, 3rd edn, Bloomsbury Visual Arts, London. 

Armstrong, G (2017) Principles of marketing, 7th edn, Pearson, Frenchs Forest, NSW.

Coelho, P (1993) The alchemist (Clarke AR trans), HarperOne, New York.

Doyle, M (2018). Consumer credit card choice: costs, benefits and behavioural biases, Reserve Bank of Australia, accessed 7 June 2019.

Eastman, C, Teicholz, P, Sacks, R and Liston, K (2011) BIM handbook: a guide to building information modeling for owners, managers, designers, engineers and contractors, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.

Equal Opportunity Act 2010 (Vic).

Fair Work Commission (2020) Disputes at work: anti-bullying, Fair Work Commission website, accessed 9 March 2022.

Giordano Homes (2021) Three bedroom townhouse [unpublished building plan], Giordano Homes, Brighton.

Higgins, JM (2005) 'The eight ‘S’s of successful strategy execution', Journal of Change Management, 5(1):3-13, doi:10.1080/14697010500036064.

Holmesglen Institute (19 February 2019) HLT43015 certificate IV in allied health assistance (nutrition and dietetics): CHCCOM005 communicate and work in health or community services [learner guide], Holmesglen, Brightspace.

Jackson, P (director) (2001) Lord of the rings: fellowship of the ring [motion picture], New Line Cinema, New Zealand.

Kelly, A (February 2022) Electrical services in Australia, industry report E3232, IBISWorld.

Metricon Homes (2022) Franklin 50 [floor plan], Metricon, accessed 29 April 2022.

Morris, W, Wortham, J (hosts) and Dudley, E (producer) (13 May 2021) 'The people in the neighbourhood' [podcast], Still Processing, New York Times, accessed 16 June 2021.

Phutully, C (2013) Night noodle market in Melbourne [photograph], Wikimedia Commons, accessed 7 June 2019.

PMI (Project Management Institute) (2017a) Agile practice guide, PMI, Newtown Square, PA.

PMI (Project Management Institute) (2017b) A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK® guide), 6th edn, PMI, Newtown Square, PA.

Robinson, L (13 December 2014) 'Racist attack on bus: offender's Youth Justice Conference', The Sydney Morning Herald, accessed 4 May 2022. 

Safe Work Australia (2018) Construction work: code of practice [ethical guidelines], Safe Work Australia, viewed 7 June 2019. 

Schiessl, P and Lay, S (2005) 'Influence of concrete composition', in H Böhni (ed.) Corrosion in reinforced concrete structures, Woodhead, Cambridge:91-134.

Standards Australia (2013) Scaffold decking components, AS/NZS 1577:2013, Techstreet.

Tarallo, B (6 September 2016) Roots of miscommunication [video], YouTube, accessed 17 January 2019.

Toyota Motor Sales (2022) 2022 Avalon [brochure], Toyota, accessed 1 June 2022.

Wang, Q and Peterson, C (2014) 'Your earliest memory may be earlier than you think: prospective studies of children's dating of earliest childhood memories', Developmental Psychology, 50(6):1680-1686.

WHO (World Health Organization) (7 January 2015) No #Ebola cases detected in #Iraq http://goo.gl/0wX7lu [tweet], WHO, accessed 7 June 2019.

Winstone, N and Boud, D (6-8 December 2017)  ‘Supporting students’ engagement with feedback: the adoption of student-focused feedback practices in the UK and Australia’ [conference presentation], Annual Conference of the Society for Research into Higher Education (SRHE), Newport, South Wales, accessed 7 October 2020.

General features and format

Position
  • Place reference list at the end of assignment on a separate page.
Heading

  • Reference list must have the title "References" at the top of page. This must be formatted as bold text and left aligned.
Spacing
  • References are to be spaced as specified in your assessment task outline (e.g. 1.5 line spacing).*
    * If unspecified, use default 1.5 spacing.
Inclusions

  • All sources cited must be included in the reference list with the exception of unpublished personal communications (e.g. letters, interviews etc.).
Order
  • Arrange list alphabetically according to author surname.
     
  • Where multiple references have same author but different year, order them oldest to newest.
    Bridgeman, T (2019) Research as skills for life, 3rd edn, Munchkin Books, Oxford.  
    Bridgeman, T (2020) Research skills for study, Holman Publishing, Oxford.
     
  • Where multiple references have same author and year, order them alphabetically according to title and add a letter to differentiate them.
    e.g. Bridgeman, T (2019a) Importance of research: skills for success, Holman Publishing, Oxford.
    Bridgeman, T (2019b) Research as skills for life, 3rd edn, Munchkin Books, Oxford.  
Style
  • The first letter of the first word of a sub heading after a colon is not capitalised.
    e.g. Contemporary strategic management: concepts and cases
     

  • Book titles are generally italicised and have minimal capitalisation. Periodical titles (e.g. journals, magazines and newspapers) have maximum capitalisation.
    e.g. Book title is Principles of marketing, whereas periodical title is Police Life

  • Authors are listed in the order that they are given in the resource.

  • If there is no author, use the title instead. If the title begins with an article (the, a, an), skip it and order using the word after it.
    e.g. The Economist is ordered by E using Economist, but still written as The Economist.
URLs

URLs are generally hyperlinked to a source's title and are formatted as per the hyperlink default (blue text, underlined).
e.g. Safe Work Australia (2018) Construction work: code of practice [ethical guidelines], Safe Work Australia, accessed 7 June 2019.

 

Author formats/requirements

1-20 authors/editors

All authors/editors are listed.

Author, AA, Author, BB, Author, CC, Author, DD, Author, EE, Author, FF and Author, GG

Editor, AA, Editor, BB, Editor, CC, Editor, DD, Editor, EE, Editor, FF and Editor, GG (eds)
21 or more authors/editors

List first author followed by et al.

Author, AA et al.

Editor, AA et al.
Organisation/Corporate author

Organisation's name is written out in full. If it is well known by an abbreviated name, the abbreviation is used followed by full name in brackets.

e.g. CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation)
Hyphenated names

Authors/Editors with a hyphenated first name should have a hyphen added in between their initials with no space.

Author, A-A

 

Punctuation

Harvard style uses specific punctuation, capitalisation, abbreviations and formatting rules. Explanation of punctuation is included throughout this guide. This includes formatting quotes, citations and references. It is important that you are consistent and accurate with punctuation to ensure you reference correctly.  

 

Common abbreviations

Terms commonly used in references are shortened. Some are also used for date and page information for in-text citations.

c circa
edn edition
2nd edn second edition
rev edn revised edition
(ed.)/(eds) editor/editors
trans translator(s)
et al. and others
n.d. no date
para paragraph

 

Additional title notations

Additional title information can be included after the title in [square brackets] if the information will assist in identification and retrieval of the work. Do not capitalise the first letter. Below are some examples:

[conference paper]
[brochure]
[podcast]
[motion picture]
[lecture notes]
[video]
[ethical guidelines]

Missing element
Solution
Reference list
In-text citation
Author
 Provide the title, year and source. Title (Year), Source.

(Title Year)

Title (Year)
Date
 Provide the author, write 'n.d.' for 'no date', and then provide the title and source. Author (n.d.) Title, Source.

(Author n.d.)

Author (n.d.)
Title
 Provide the author and year, write 'Untitled' and the source type for the title, and then provide the source.
e.g. Untitled photograph		 Author (Year) Untitled source type, Source.

(Author Year)

Author (Year)
Author and date
 Provide the title, write 'n.d.' for 'no date', and then provide the source.  Title (n.d.), Source.

(Title n.d.)

Title (n.d.)
Author and title
 Write 'Untitled' and the source type for the title, and then provide the year and source. Untitled source type (Year), Source.

(Untitled source type Year)

Untitled source type (Year)
Date and title
 Provide the author, write 'n.d.' for 'no date', write 'Untitled' and the source type for the title, and then provide the source. Author (n.d.) Untitled source type, Source.

(Author n.d.)

Author (n.d.)
Author, date, and title
 Write 'Untitled' and the source type for the title, write 'n.d.' for 'no date', and then provide the source.  Untitled source type (n.d.), Source.

(Untitled source type n.d.)

Untitled source type (n.d.)
Source
 Cite as a personal communication (see: unpublished works - personal communications) or find another work to cite No reference list entry AA Person (Day Month Year, pers. comm.)