Same format applies to all reference works including dictionaries, thesauruses, encyclopedias and atlases.
| Format | Example | |
| Paraphrase |
(Dictionary/Encyclopedia Year) OR Dictionary/Encyclopedia (Year) |
... is described as a type of political system (Cambridge dictionary 2018). OR Dirr's encyclopedia of trees and shrubs (2011) classifies it ... |
| Quote |
(Dictionary/Encyclopedia Year, p. xx) OR Dictionary/Encyclopedia (Year, p. xx) '...' |
'Cycas revoluta is vital to the Earth's ecosystem ... ' (Dirr's encyclopedia of trees and shrubs 2011, pp. 254-255). OR Cambridge dictionary (2018, p. 132) defines constitution as 'a set of political principles by which a state or organization is governed'. |
Cite in-text only. Do not include in reference list.
Same format applies to all reference works including dictionaries, thesauruses, encyclopedias and atlases.
| Format | Examples | |
| Paraphrase |
(Author Year) OR Author (Year) |
... is necessary for Earth's survival (Mann & Selin 2018). OR Mann and Selin (2018) describe global warming as ... |
| Quote |
(Author Year) OR Author (Year) |
'Global warming is a phenomenon not to be ignored' (Mann & Selin 2018). OR Mann and Selin (2018) explain global warming as 'a phenomenon not to be ignored.' |
| Format | Example |
|
Author, AA Year, 'Title of entry', Title of work, viewed Day Month Year, http://xxxxx. |
Mann, ME & Selin, H 2018, 'Global warming', Encyclopedia Britannica, viewed 25 June 2019, https://www.britannica.com. |